call to strtod() with bounding check.
Discussed with pyr@ and otto@
ok otto@ deraadt@

(2^30,2^31). Nothing in the tree yet requests random numbers bounded
by this range.
report jakob!deraadt; ok deraadt@

costs; ok jmc@ for the man page bits; ok millert@ deraadt@

Use arc4random_uniform() when the desired random number upper bound
is not a power of two
ok deraadt@ millert@

calls vfork(2). "untested, but looks OK" marc@
- document vfork(2), popen(3) and system(3) don't call atfork handlers
in multithreaded programs. okay jmc@

Instead, just return 1 if there is a difference.
Found by lint.
OK millert.

- simplify a macro call (Do/Dc -> Dq)

introduce two new APIs for requesting strong random numbers:
arc4random_buf() - fill an arbitrary memory range with random numbers
arc4random_uniform() - return a uniformly distributed random number
below
a specified upper bound, avoiding the bias that comes from a naive
"arc4random() % upper_bound" construction.
these mirror similarly-named functions in the kernel;
lots of discussion deraadt@ mcbride@

should be good, plus it prevents weird things from happening if
len > INT_MAX.
- Since n is now size_t, compare it against 0 instead of >= 0.
- temp is used to store individual bytes, so use char instead
(matches fp and tp).
- millert noted that the comma operator may not guarantee order of
execution, so replace with semicolons.
Found by lint, OK millert.

cast to make it explicit.
Found by lint, OK millert.

prevents a few "cannot free mem because i need mem to free mem"
scenarios (one found by weingart@). ok weingart@ millert@ miod@

by code that does not do zero padding. The example code does. Fix.
millert@ ok

instead of the generic pthread macros since free(3) uses __arc4_getbyte()
when freeing small sized allocations and the generic pthread macros call
malloc(3).
- eliminate passing pointers to a static variable with global scope (rs)
for additional code clarity and reduction.
- shlib minor bumps for libc and libpthread due to new functions.
From andreas@ with some bits from me. okay tedu@ marc@ w/some spot
checking from millert@

sys/dev/pci/pciide.c from naddy@

least document /etc/ptmp;
while i'm at it, might as well tidy it up and make it consistent across
these pages;

OK millert@

Therefore added math.h to SYNPOSIS.
OK millert@

"suggest parentheses around && within ||"
ok millert@

feedback and ok espie@

ok jmc@

ok millert

ok millert@ ray@

Based on a diff from Mike Belopuhov.  OK jmc@

OK jmc and millert.

OK otto@

Document that getopt_long(3) can and will accept unique abbreviated long
option names.  This feature has been present since getopt_long(3) was first
released in NetBSD 1.5.  This is also standard GNU getopt_long(3) behavior.
ok millert

from FreeBSD.  With help from jmc@.

trailing newline in contrast to fgetln(3).
ok ray@ jmc@ millert@

Sync the documentation in getpid with arc4random's format.

some time ago--it caused too many problems.

ok deraadt millert

immediately after.
OK millert@.

No binary change with NLS enabled.
ok otto millert espie